Signaling system



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SIGNALING SYSTEM Filed Nov. 15. 1924 7 Sheets-Sheet 41 WITNEssEs: I #wc/5W@ May 28@ 1929 T. u. wHrrE ET AL IJMSZE SIGNALING SYSTEM ATTORNEY Mayzy l929 T, u, WHITE E1 m, tmf-4.971

lSIGNALING SYSTEM Filed Nov. 15, 1924 '7 sheets-sheet 6 Iig? 6.,

Patented May 28, 1929.

THOMAS U. WHITE, OF PITTSBURGH, AND JOHN E. GARDNER, 0F WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO WESTINGI-IOUSE ELECTRIC t MANUFACTURING COMPANY7 A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

SIGN ALING SYSTEM.

Application filed November 15, 1924. ASerial No. 750,069.

Our invention relates7 in general, to signaling systems and more particularly to systems tor supervising and controlling, from a central point, remotely-disposed power apparatus. i

One ot` the objects ot our invention is to provide improved circuit arrangements for operating relays at a distant point or station in synchronism with relays at a central point or dispatchers office.

Another object ot our invention is to provide an improved driving or control circuit for operating relays at a dispatchers office and station in a predetermined sequence.

Another object ot our invention is to provide improved circuit arrangements whereby relays located at the dispatcher-s office and relays located at the station may be operated alternately in a predetermined sequence.

Another object of our invention is to provide means wherebyapparatus units in the distant station may be controlled and operated from a central point or dispatchers otiice hy means of predetermined codes of impulses after such unit has been selected.

A further object ot our invention is to provide a group ot selecting relays at the dispatchers office and a group of selecting relays at the substation which are operated by a driving circuit that is closed a plurality of times to secure the selection oft each apparatus unit.

A .t'urther object ot our invention is to provide an improved circuit, exclusive ot the driving` circuit7 for maintaining' the relay selecting apparatus in both the dispatchers oflice and station in normal condition.

A -further object ot our invention is to provide releasing means at the station that may be operated from the dispatchers office by means ot an impulse code.

A still turther object ot our invention is to provide means tor automatically interruptingl the action of the driving circuit whenever such releasing operation is brought about.

There are otherobjects ot our invention which. together with those above described, will be explained in detail in the specitication to follow.

ln practicing our invention. we provide a group ot counting relays at the dispatchers ofice and a group of 'ounting relays7 corresponding in number, at the station in which are located the apparatus units that it is desired to control. One group of auxiliary selecting rela-ys is associated with each group of counting relays. A control or driving circuit is located at both the dispatchers ofiice and substation for operating the counting` relays.

The counting relay groups and control eircuits are connected together by means of a three-conductor trunk line, a ground return being used. It is, of course, obvious that a separate conductor common to the other three may be used to eliminate difiiculties by reason of varying ground potential between the dispatehers oftice and station.

At the dispatchers office, a group ot keys are provided, corresponding in number to the number of apparatus units that it is desired to operate. A starting key is also located at the office. In order that the clispatcher may be apprised of the condition of the apparatus units in the station, two signalng lamps are provided for each apparatus unit, one to indicate the operative condition of the unit and the other to indicate the inoperative condition of the unit.

In addition, at the dispatchers ofl'ice a signaling lamp is provided for each selecting relay so that the dispatcher is at all times apprised of the selecting position of the relay apparatus. Control and releasing devices and a starting key are also provided at the dispatchers ofiice.

l/Vh'en the dispatcher desires to operate an apparatus unit at the station or substation, he will operate the key associated with that particular unit in the proper direction and also the start key. As a result of this operation, the driving circuit functions to operate the relays in the counting relay groups in a predetermined sequence.

The driving circuit is so arranged that a counting relay at the dispatchei"s ot'fice is first operated and, by a subsequent operation of the drivingeircuit, a counting relay at the station is operated. Then. by the action'of the driving circuit, a counting relay atk the dispatehers oflice and a counting relay at the station are operated simultaneously. The operation ot' the latter counting relay brings about the operation ot the selecting relay. This operation is repeated throughout the operation of the relays in the counting chains. The relays in the auxiliary selecting groups at'the dispatchers oliice and station are thus operated simultaneously in a predetermined sequence.

When the proper apparatus unit is selected, the action ofthe driving circuit is interrupted and the dispatcher will then operate the control device for either closing or tripping the circuit interrupter at the station. By the operation of these devices, a predetermined number of impulses are sent over the control circuit whereby the circuit interrupter is operated. The circuit interrupter, upon operatinlg, sends back an impulse of current to the dispatchers office to actuate the signaling devices associated with this interrupter in order to apprise the dispatcher of the operatiorr. This return indication also brings about the initiation of the operation of the driving circuit.

It will be obvious that the peculiar action of the driving circuit by which a relay in the counting chain at the station is first operated, and then a relay in the counting chain at the dispatchers oiiice, followed by the simultaneous energization of a counting relay at both the dispatchers ofiice and station to bring about the operation of a selecting relay at each point, provides positive operation of the selecting apparatus. This is true by reason ot' the fact that it is necessary tohave a check-back impulse indicative of the operation of the counting relay at the station before the counting relay at the dispatchers oiice is operated.

A similar circuit arrangement is provided to insure the proper action of the driving circuit whcn the selecting relays are operated. That is, unless the selecting relays are operated, the driving circuit is prevented from being closed. These precautionary circuits are provided to insure proper operation, even though the trunk line connecting the substation and dispatel1er`s office over which the4 relay apparatus is operated should lie adjacentl to power lines, thereby being subject to induced currents therefrom.

As bet'ore described, after the operation lof the apparatus unit, the driving circuit again functions to bring about the subsequent operation of the remaining selecting relays at both the station and dispatchers otlice in a predetermined sequence. After all these relays are operated, the apparatus restores to normal.

In the event that an apparatus unit at the station operates under thel control of antomatic devices responsive to circuit conditions or is operated manually by an ol'ierator, or such action occurs b v reason ot' defective mechanical structure, theselecting apparatus isoperated in substantially the same manner as before and the supervisorv` signaling 'devices associated with the apparatus unit that has been actuated are controlled to give an indication showing the operation of the unit.

Referirng now more particularly to Fig. 1 relays 100 to 123, inclusive, comprise the group of counting relays at the dispatchers oice. Relay y12a is a slow-releasing relay, While relays 125 to 127, inclusive, are relays `that are controlled by certain operations of the counting relays. A key K is of the usual single-throw, non-locking type.

In Fig., 2, a key K-S is a type of special double-throw key. There is one such key for each apparatus unit that it is desired to control. Keys, such as K-, are so constructed that, when operated, they lock in a certain position. Thus, in order to force the springs 218 and 221 into engagement with their Working contacts and the springs 219` and 222 from engagement with their resting contacts, `it i's necessary to turn the operating member 220. When the key is turned in the opposite direction, the springs are restored to the position shown. The key is a special form of twist key. l

Release device 290, closing device 200 and .tripping device 201 are special types of calling devices similar to those used in the automatic telephone art. A calling device that will operate satisfactorily is shown on pages 16 and 18 of the book entitled Automatic Telephone Practice, third edition, by Harry E. Hershey. The construction of these devices is so modified that it is .only possible to produce a definite number of interruptions by any one ot them.

In the present case, the device 200 is adapt- `ed to produce two interruptions in the control circuit, the device201 four interruptions and the device 290 sixinterruptions. The device may be arranged to do this by taking the ordinary calling device and placing a pin in the particular linger holeI necessary, then covering` the remaining ting-er holes with a cover so that, in order to operate the device,

i the pin must be used.

Relays 202 to 206, inclusive, are associated with each key, such as K---B. The relays 202 and 203 'have their armatures mechanically interlocked so that, when the relay 202 operates and is deenergized, the armatures 223 and 224 are maintained in their operative position by the latching action of the armature 225 ot' the relay 203. The relays 204 and 205 have their armatures so arranged that, when the relay 204 is energized and deenergized. the armatures 228. 229 and 230 are maintained in their attracted position by the action of the armature 231 of the relay 205. The operation ot the relay 204 controls the operation of the signaling devices 226 and 227. The relay 206 is an ordinary type of slow-releasing relay. Relays 207 to 216, inclusive. comprise the group of selecting relays at the dispatchers ol'tiee. Keys K-l,

. prise the counting chain at K-2 and K-l are associated with the control devices 200, 201 and 290, respectively. These keys are of the usual single-throw locking type.

In Fig. 3, relays 300 to 317, inclusive, comprise the driving circuit at the dispatchers oice. Key K-14 is an ordinary type of non-locking, single-throw key.

In Fig. 4, relays, such as 400 to 402, inclusive, are associated with each circuit interrupter, such as C. The relays, such as 400, associated with each circuit interrupter are slow to pick up and slow to release. That is, they are so. constructed that, when their circuit is closed, they require an appreciable time to energize and, when their circuit is opened, an appreciable time is required to deenergize. The relays 405 to 414, inclusive, comprise the relays of the selecting group at the substation.

Relays 500 to 519, inclusive, (Fig. 5) compris'e the driving circuit at the substation.

Relays 600 to 623, inclusive, of Fig. 6 comthe dispatchers oiiice. Relay 690 and relays 624 to 626, inclusive, are of the usual type and control certain operations of the counting relays.

In Fig. 7, relays 700 to 721, inclusive, control the'operation of the circuit interrupters as Well as the reoperation of the driving circuit under certain conditions as will appear.

Having briefly described and apparatus shown in the drawings, We Will now explain its detailed operation. For this purpose, it will be assumed-that the circuit interrupter C at the station is in a tripped position and the dispatcher desires to close it. To accomplish this result, the dispatcher will operate the key K-3 so that the springs assume a position opposite to that shown. By this operation, ground is removed from the conductor 27 that extends to the key Ii-13 for a reason that will appear subsequently. In vorder to initiate the operation of the driving circuit, the dispatcher Will operate the-key K-14 momentarily.

Normally, there is a circuit completed that `extends from ground by Way of holding relay 301, back contact and armature 325, back contact and armature 332, trunk conductor 370, armature 520 and its back contact, holding relay 506, and armature 534 andits back contact to battery. The relay 301 is energized to open the locking circuit of the relay 300 at armature 321, and to open one point in the circuit of the relay 306 at armature 322.

At the substation, the relay 506 is operated to prepare a starting circuit at armature 531,l

to open the circuit of the relay 503 at armature 532, and to prepare a circuit for the relay 709 at armature 530.

Now, When the key K-14 at the dispatchersl office is depressed, a circuit is completed that extends fromground by Way of Working,

contact and said spring, armature 324 and its back contact and relay 302 to battery. The relay 302 is energized to prepare a circuit for the relay 303 over a path that extends from' ground by Way of back contact and aring relays 301 and 506. The relay 301 is deenergized to prepare a locking circuit for the relay 300 at armature 321 and to complete a circuit, at armature 322, that extends from ground by Way of'back contact and armature 320 and relay 306 to battery. The relay 306 is energized to prepare one point in the driving circuit at armature 329.

At the substation, the relay 506 is deenergized to prepare a locking circuit for therelay 509 at armature 530, to prepare' a circuit for the starting relay 708 at armature 531, and tocomplete a circuit at armature 532 that extends from ground by Way of armature 539 and its back contact, back contact and armature 532, and relay 503 to battery. The relay 503 is energized to close the driving circuit at armature 525.

The driving circuit now extends over a path from battery B by Way of back contact and armature 430, line relay 313, back contact and armature 350, armature 329 and its front contact, armature 331 and its back contact, trunk condiictor 372, back contact and armature 523. armature 524 and its back contact, front contact and armature 525, armature 541 and its back contact, line relay 514, and armature 553 and its back contact to ground. The line relays 3,13 and 514 are energized over the above circuit.

The line relay 313 is operated to complete a circuit for the relay 311 at armature 341. 'lherelay 311 is operated to open one point in the locking circuit of the relays 314 and 315 at armature 336, and to complete a circuit at armature 337 that extends from ground y by Way of armature 184 and its back contact, conductor 24, armature 342 and its backcoutact, armature 337 and its front contact. relay 312 and relay 311 to battery. yThe relay 312 is not energized so long as the original energizing circuit for the relay 311 is maintained.

At the substation, the line relay 514, upon operating, completes a circuit for the relay 516 atiarmature 551, and at armature 550 closes a circuit for the relay 505. The relay 516 is operated to open one point in the locking circuit of the relays 512 and 513, and to complete a circuit at armature 557 over a path that extends from ground by Way of armature 687 and its back contact, conductor 469, armature 548 and its back contact, armature 557 and its front contact, relay 515 and relay 516 to battery. The relay 515 is not operated by reason of the fact that it is shortcircuited so long as the original energizing circuit of the rellay 516 is closed. The relay 505 is operated to establish a locking circuit for itself at armature 529 and to complete a circuit that extends from ground by Way of front contact and armature 528, conductor 454, arinature 682' and its back contact, armature 631 and its back contact, counting relay 600, armature 684 and its back con# tact, back contact and armature 680, and armature 683 and its back contact to battery.

The counting relay 600 is energized over the above-traced circuit and it operates to complete a circuit at armature 627 that extends from ground by Way of armature 686 and itsback Contact, armature 627 and its front contact, relay 601, relay 600, armature 684 and its back Contact, back contact and armature 680, and armature 683 and its back contact to battery. This circuit is not et'- t'ective so long as the original energizing circuit for the relay 600 is maintained.

Another result of the operation ot' the relay 600 is that, at armature 628, a circuit is'coinpleted that extends from ground by Way of armature 544 and its back contact, conductor 453, armature 628 and its front Contact, armature 633 Aand its back contact, conductor 452,

relay 502 and back contact and arniature 526 to battery. The relay 502 is operated to open the circuits of the line relays 514 and 313 at armature 524.

I The relay 313 is deenergized to remove the short-circuit from the relay 312. The relay 312 is operated to open another point in the circuit of the relay 313, at armature 340, to open anotherpoint in the circuit of the relay 311 at armature 339, and to complete' a circuit at armature 338 overa path that extends from ground upon grounded conductor 24 by Way of armature 338 and its front contact, and relay 317 to battery. r1`he relay 317 is operated to prepare acircuit for the line relay 316 at armature 350, and to establish a locking circuit for itself at armature 351.

The line relay 514 at the subst tion, upon being deenergized, opens the original encrgizing circuit for the relay 505 at armature 550, and atarinature 551 removes the sliertcircuit from the relay 515. The relay 515 is operated to open another point in the original energizing circuit o1' the relay 516 at arinature 552, to open another point in the circuit of the line relay 514 at armature 553, to reinove battery troni conductor` 458 at arinature 554 and to complete a circuit at armature 555 for the relay 510'.

' The relay 510 is operated to establish a locking circuitfor itself at armature 542, to coinplete a circuit for the relay 504 at armature 540 and to prepare the driving circuit at armature 541. The relay 504 is energized to open the circuit of the relay 502 at armature 526, and to establish a locking circuit for itself at armature 527. The opening of the circuit of the relay 502 causes this relay to deenergize to complete the driving circuit. I

The driving circuit noW extends over a path from ground by way of back contact and armature 346, line relay 316, front contact and arn'iature 350, armature 329 and its front Contact, armature 331 and its back contact, trunk conductor 372, back contact and arinature 523, armature 524 and its back contact, front contact and armature 525, armature 541 and its trent contact, line relay 511, and armature 547 and its back contact to battery. The line relays 316 and 511 are energized over the above circuit.

Upon operating, the relay 316, yat arniature 349, completes a circuit for therelay 314, and at armature 348 places ground upon conductor 23. The relay 314 operates to open the circuit ot' the relays 311 and 312'at ar1nature 342, and at armature 343 prepares a cir'- cuit for the relay 315. The relay 312 is deenergized to connect ground to conductor 22 at armature 338, to ,prepare a circuit for the relay 311 at armature 339, and to prepare a circuit for the line relay 313 at armature 340. The relay/311 is deenergizcd to open one point in the circuit of the relay 312, and to coniplete a circuit that extends from ground upon grounded conductor 24 by way of back contact and armature 336, arinature 343 and its front contact, relay 315 and relay 314 to battery. This circuit is not effective t-o energize the relay 315 so long as the original energizing circuit i'or the relay 314 is maintained.

The grounding of conductor 23 conipletes a circuit that extends from ground by way of armature 188 audits back contact, arniature 151 and its back contact, relay 111, arnia ture 185 and its back contact, back contact and arinature 158, and back contact and armature 187 to battery. The counting relay 111 is energized over the above circuit and operates to coniplete a circuit at armature 154 that extends i'roin ground by Way of armature 183 and its back contact, armature 154 and its front contact, relay 110, relay 111, arn'iature 185 and its back contact, back contact and arniature 158, and back Contact and arniature 187 to battery.' The relay 110 is not energized until the original ,energizing circuit for the relay l111 is opened. l

Another resultof the operation of the relay 111 is that, at armature-155, a circuit is completed that extends from ground upon grounded conductor 24, by Way of armature 338 and its back contact, conductorv 22,' armature 155 and its front contact, armature 153 and its back contact, conductor 21, back contact and armature 326, and relay 307 to battery. The relay 307 is energized to open the circuit of the sloWreleasing relay 305 at armature 330, to place battery upon'conductor 29 at the front contact of this armature, to open the circuits of the line relays 316 and 511 at armature 331, and to prepare a locking circuit Jfor itself at armature 395. The connection of battery to conductor 29 prepares a circuit for the selecting relay 216.

The line relay 316 is deenergized to open the previously traced circuit for thc counting relay 111 at armature 348, and to remove the short-circuit from the relay 315 at armature 349. The rclay'315 is operated to open one point in the circuit of the relay 316 at armature 346', to open another point in the original energizing circuit of the relay 314 atariuature 345, and to prepare a locking circuit at armature 344 for the relay 304. Another result ot the operation of the relay 315 is that the locking circuit of the relay 317 is opened and this relay is deenergized to prepare a circuit t'or the line relay 313.

lVhen the original circuit for the relay 111 is opened, the short-circuit is removed from the relay 110 and this relay is permitted to operate. The relay 110, upon operating, opens another point in the original energizing circuit of the relay 111 at armature 151, prepares a circuit for the counting relay 123 at armature 150', and completes a circuit at armature 149 that extends trom. ground by Way of armature 177 and its back contact, armature 149 and its front contact, and relay 127 to battery. The relay 127 is energized to connect the impulsing circuit to the counting relay 123 at armature 188.

Another result of the operation of the relay 110 is that, at armature 152, a circuit is completed that extends from ground by Way ot' armature 183 and its back contact, armatureA 152 and its front contact, conductor 10, and relay 308 to battery:

A still Yfurther result of the operation of the relay 110 is that the circuit otl the relay 307 is opened at armature 153. The relay 307 is deenergized to remove battery from conductor 29, to again complete thel circuit of the slow-releafliing relay 305 at armature 330, and to close one point in the driving circuit at armature 31. The relay 308 is energized to connect the signaling conductors 370 and -371 to the conductors 31 and 30, respectively, that extend to multiple contacts of the several selecting relays 207 to 216, inclusive. In the ordinary selectingoperation, the slow-acting relay 305 is not deenergized While the relay 307 is energized.

At the substation, the line relay 511 is operated to complete a circuit for the relay 513.

rThe relay 513 is energized to open the circuitv vof the relays 515 and 516 at armature 548,

and to prepare acircuit for the relay 512 at armature 549. The relay 515 is deenergized to prepare a circuit for the relay 516 at armature 552, to prepare a ciicuit for the relay 514 at armature 553, to place-batteryupon the conductor 458 at armature 554, and to open the original energizing circuit of the relay 510 at amature 555.

The relay 516 is denergized to open one pointin the circuit ofthe relay 515 at armature 557, and to complete a circuit, at armature 556. that extends from ground upon grounded conductor 469 by way of back contact and arn'iaturc 556, armature 549 and its front contact, relay 512 and relay 513 to battery. This circuit is notelfective to energize the relay 512 so long as the original energizing circuit for the relay 513 isA maintained.

When thc circuit of the line relay 511 is opened, as previously described, this relay is deenergized to remove the short-circuit from the relay 512. The relay 512, upon operating, removes ground from conductor 453at armature 544, opens the locking` circuit otthe relay 505 at armature 545, opens another point in the original` energizing circuit of the relay 513 at armature 546, and at armature 547 opens another point in the circuit of the line relay 511. By the removal of ground from conductor 453, another point in the circuit of the relay 502 is opened.

The relay 505 is deenergized toV remove ground from conductor 454, whereby the original' energizing circuit of the counting relay 600 is opened. The counting relay 601 is immediately operated by reason of the fact that the opening of the circuit of the relay 600 also removes the short-circuit from the relay 601. The relay 601, upon operating, opens another pointin the original energizing circuit of the relay 600 at armature 631, prepares a circuit for the countingirelay 612 at armature 630, and at armature 629 completes a circuit that extends from ground by Way of armature 658 and its backcontact, armature 629 and its Jfront Contact, and relay 690 to battery. The relay 690 is energized to prepare one point in the impulsing circuit that includes the counting relay 612 atI armature 682.

Another' result of the operation of the relay 601 is that. at armature 632. a circuit is completed that extends from ground by Way ot arn'iaturc 686 and its back contact, armature 632 and its 'front contact, conductor 451, and relay 500 t0 battery.

A still further result of the operation of the relay 601 is that another point in the circuit ot the relay 502 is opened at armature 633. The relay 500 is operated to connect the signaling conductors 370 and 371 to the conductors 463 and 450, respectively, at armatures 521 and 520.

The operation of the counting relay 601 also completes a circuit that extends from ground by Way of back contact and armature 668, front contact and armature 640, conductor 456 and relay 519 to battery. The relay 519 is operated to complete a circuit for the relay 517 at armature 560. The relay y517 is energized to open the locking circuit of the relay 510 at armature 558. The relay 510 is deenergized to prepare a circuit for the line relay 514.

` The driving circuit is now completed over a path that extends Vfrom battery by Way of back contact and armature 340, line relay 313, back contact and armature 350, armature 329 and its front contact, armature 331 and its back contact, conductor 372, back contact and armature 523, armature 524 and its back Contact, front contact and armature 525, armature 541 and its back contact, line relay 514, and armature 553 and its back contact to ground. The line relays 313 and 514 are energized over this circuit.

The relay 313 operates to complete a circuit for the relay 311. The relay 311 is energized to prepare a circuit for the relay 312 and to open the circuits of the relays 314 .and 315. The relay 315 is deenergized to prepare a circuit for the relay 316 and to open one point in the locking circuit of the relay 304. The relay 314 is deenergized to complete the circuit of the relay 312. This circuit is not efective until the circuit of the relay 311 is opened by the deenergization of the relay 313.

At the substation, the relay 514 is operated to complete a circuit for the relay 516. The relay 516 is energized to open the circuit of the relays 512 and 513. The relay 512 is deenergized to prepare a circuit for the relay 511 at armature 547, and to place ground upon conductor 453 at armature 544. The relay 513 is deenergized to complete a circuit for the relay 515. This relay is not energized so long as the orignal energizing circuit for the relay 516 is maintained.

Another result of the operation of the relay 514 is that a circuit is closed for the relay 505. The relay 505 operates to establish a locking circuit for itself at armature 529 and to place ground upon conductor 454. By the grounding of conductor 454, a circuit is completed extending from ground by way of armature 682 and its front contact, front contact and armature 630, armature 660 and its back contact, relay 612, armature 684 and its back contact, back contact and armature 680, and armature 683 andits back contact td battery.

The relay 612 is energized over the above circuit and operates to remove ground from the conductor 456 at armature 668,'to prepare a circuit for the relay 613 at armature G56, and to complete a circuit at armature 655 that.

extends from ground upon conductor 453, that has been previously grounded by the deenergization of the relay 5,12, by way of armature 655 and its front contact, armature 657 and its back contact, conductor 452', relay 502, and back contact and armature 526 to battery. The relay 502 isenergized to open the circuit of the i line relays 313 and 514 at armature 524.

The relay 514 is deenergized to remove the short-circuit from the relay 515. The relay 515 is operated to remove battery from conductor 458 at armature 554, and to complete a circuit for the relay- 510 at armature 555. The relay 510 is operated to establish a locking circuit for itself at armature 5,42 -and to prepare a circuit for the line relay 511 at armature 541. A still further result of the operation of the relay 510 lis that the circuit of the relay 504 is completed. The relay 504 is operated to establish a locking circuit for itself at armature 527, and to open the circuit of the relay 502 at armature 526. The relay 502 is deenergized to prepare a cir-cuit for the line relay 511. c

At the dispatchers oi'ice, the line relay 313 is deenergized to remove the short-circuit from the relay 312. The relay 312 is operated to remove ground from the conductor 22 at armature 338, andv to complete the circuit of the relay 317 at the front Contact df this armature. The relay 317 is energized te establish a locking circuit-for itself at armature 351 and to prepare a circuit for the line relay 316. The driving circuit is now completed and the line relays 316 and 511 are energized in series.

The line relay 316, upon operating, places ground upon conductor 23 at armature 348, and at armature 349 completes a circuit for the relay 314. The relay 314 is operated to open the circuit of the relays 311 and 312 and to prepare a circuit for the relay 315. The relay 312 is deenergized to open the original energizing circuit of the relay 317 at armature 338. The relay 311 is deenergized to complete a circuit for the relay 315. rllhe relay 315 is short-circuited so long as the original energizing circuit of the relay 314 is completed.

By the grounding of conductor 23, a circuit is completed that extends by way of this conductor, armature 188 and its front contact, front Contact and armature 150, armature 179 and its back Contact, counting relay 123, armature 185 and its back contact, back contact and armature 158, and back contact and armature 187 to battery. The relay 123 is energized to complete a circuit for the relay 122 at armature 182, and to complete a cir- 'cuit at armature 181 that extends from ground on grounded conductor 22 by Way of armature 181 and its front contact, armature 176 and its back contact, conductor 21, back contact and armature 326, and relay 307 to battery. The relay 307 is energized to open the driving Vcircuit at armature 331 to place battery upon conductor 29 at armature 330 and to establish a locking circuit for itself at armature y395 over a path that extends from ground at conductor 24 by way of armature 397 and its back Contact, back contact and armature 398, armature396 and its front contact, armature 395 and its front contact, and relay 307 to battery.`

At the substation the line relay 511 is operated to complete a circuit for the relay 513. The relay 513 is energized to open the circuits of the relays 515 and 516 and to pre-l pare a circuit for the relay 512. The relay 515 is deenergized to prepare a circuit forY the relay 514 and to open the original energizing circuit for the relay 510.

The relay 516 is deenergizedto complete a circuit lfor the relay 512. 4The relay 512 is short-circuited so long as the original energizing circuit for the relay 513 is maintained.

i Another result of the deenergization ot the relay 515 is that battery is placed upon the conductor 458.

Then the driving circuit is opened, as bcfore described, the line relay 316 at the dispatchcrs oiiice is deenergized to remove ground from conductor 23 and to'reinove the short-circuit from the relay 315. The relay 315 is operated to prepare a locking circuit for the relay 304 at armature 344, and to open another point in the circuit vot the relay 316. Another result of the operation of the relay 315 is that the locking circuit of the relay 317 is opened. The relay 317 is deenergized to prepare a circuit for the line relay 313.

By the removal of ground from the. conductor 23, the short-circuit is removed from the relay 122 and this relay is operated. Upon operating, the relay 122 opens one pointin the original energizing circuit of the relay 123 at armature 179, prepares a circuit for the counting relay 109 at armature 178, opens the circuit of the relay 127 at armature 17 7, opens the original energizing ci rcuit of the relay 307 at armature 176, and at armature 180 completes a circuit extending from ground by Way of armature 183 and its back contact, armature 147 and its back contact, front contact and armature 180, con. ductor 20, selecting relay 216, conductor 29, and front contact and armature 330 to battery.

The selecting relay 216 vis energized over the above circuit and operates to prepare a circuit for the signaling device 243 at spring 270, toprepare a signaling circuit at spring- 271, to prepare a control circuit at spring 272 and to prepare a circuit "for vplacing ground upon the conductor 27 at spring 273.

When the relay 307 is energized as before described the circuit of the slow-releasingl relay 305 is opened and this relay is deenergized after an interval of time to close aV circuit that extends from ground by Way of back contact and armature 328 conductor 28,

' s rino' 270 and its working contact and si"- b C 7 D naling device 243 to battery. The operation of the signaling device informs the dispatcher of the selecting operation and that the signaling devices 226 and 227 are conncctedfto the signaling circuit.

At the substation, the line relay 511 is dcenergized .by reason of thefact that its circircuit otl the relay 511 at armature 547, opens aiiotlier point in the original energizing circuit ot' the relay 513 at armature 546, opens the locking circuit of the relays 504 and 505 at armature 545, and at armature 544 removes ground from conductor 453.

The relay 505 is immediately decnergized to remove ground from conductor 454. The removal ot' ground from conductor 454 causes the energization of the relay 613 by reason of the fact that the short-circuit is removed from this relay. Upon Operating, the relay 613 opens one point in the original energizing circuit of the relay 612 at armature 660, prepares a circuit for the counting relay 602 at armature 659, opensI the circuit of the relay 690 lat armature 658, and at arma ture 657 opens one point in the circuit vwhich places ground upon the conductor 452.

A still further result of the opcrationvof the relay 613 is that a circuit is completed extending from ground by Way of armature 686 and its back contact, armature 634 and its back contact, front contactand arii'iature 661, conductor 472,selecting relay 405, conductor 458, and back contact and armature 9 554to battery. The selecting relay 405 is operated to placel ground upon conductors 459 and: 457 at springs 428 and 427, respectively, to prepare a signaling circuit at spring 4426and to prepare control circuits at springs `424 and 425. I

The grounding of conductor 459 completes a circuit for the relay 706. The relay 706 is energized to prepare a circuit for the .relay 700, at armature 732. .The grounding of conductor 457 causes the energization of the relay 518. The relay 518 is operated to complete a circuit for the relay 517. The relay 517 is energized to open the locking circuit of the relay 510. l The relay 510 is operated to open the circuit of the relay 504 at. armature 540, and to prepare a circuit tor the line relay 514 at armature 541. The relay 504 is deenergized to prepare a circuit for the relay 502.

The operations by which the selecting relay 405 is energized are brought about by theA operation of the relay 307 in tbe same manner that the operationsI by which the selecting' relay 216 is energized. The selecting relays 216 and 405 are thus ci'icrgize'd'substantially simultaneously. l

From the circuits thusv fai-"traced, it will be notedthat, upon 'tlieoperation of the first 7,

drive circuit through thelline relays 313 at energized following v'the energization of the relay 505. Folloiving the energization of the relay 600, the relay 502 was energized to open g is sentovera circuit that extends from ground the drive line to complete the second half of the first drive operation and shift the driveline from relay 514 to relay 511. At the dispatchers oflice, not-hing of importance happened, eX- cept that the drive line Was shifted so. as to connect the relay 316 to the drive circuit.

The second drive operation resulted 1n the energization of the relay 111 followed by the energization of relay 307 which opened the drive line to perform the second half of the secondi drive operation. Thus, it will be noted, that the counting relay 600 and the counting relay 111 are operated alternately. However, upon the completion of the second half of the second drive operat-ion, the shunts of the relays 110 and 601 are removed and the relays 111 and '110 are operated in series, simultaneously, with the relays 600 and 601. That is, the counting relay atthe office and the counting relay at the substation are first operated alternately, followed by the simultaneous operation of the counting relays at the office and the substation.

i It will be remembered that the dispatcher desires to close the circuit interrupter C in order to bring about certain operations at the substation. To accomplish this result, When the dispatcher is informed, by the operation of the signaling device 243, that the selecting action is completed, he Will operate the con- -trol device 200.

As the key K-1 has been previously opg,

erated by the dispatcher, when the selecting relays 216 and 405 are operated, a circuit is com lete'd that extends from ground by \Waylo the spriiigs of key K-1, springs of the control device 200, Working contact of spring 218 and said spring, front contact and armature 224, Working contact of spring 272 and said spring, conductor 31, front contact and armature 332, conductor 370, armature 520 and its front contact, conductor 463, relay 700, and front contact and armature 732 to battery. lThe relay 700 is energized over the above circuit and operates to open the circuit of the slow-releasing relay 7 02 at armature 722, and to prepare an i'rnpulsingV circuit at the front contact of this armature. l'Another result of the operation of the relay 7-00 is that a circuit is completed for the slowreleasing relay 701 atarmature 724. When the slow-releasing relay 702 is deenergized after a short interval of time, a 4circuit is prepared for placing ground upon conductors 460 and 462. The slowreleasing relay 701 is energized to prepare a circuit for the counting relay v711 at armature 725.

Now, when the control device 20.0 is operated, two interruptions are produced in the circuit that includes the relay 700 at the substation. Upon the first deenergization of the relay 7 O0, the circuit of the slow-releasing rela. -701 is opened at 'armature 724,. an'dat the ack contact of this armature, an impulse by Way of armature 7 24 and its back contact, armature 725 and its front Contact, armature 738 and its back contact, counting relay 711, back contact and armature 7 53, back contact and armature 731, and back contact and armature 727 to battery.

The relay 711 is energized'over the abovetraced circuit and operates to complete a circuit that extends from ground by Way of back contact and armature 729, armature 740 and its front contact, relay 710, relay 711, back contact and armature 7 53, back contact and armature 7 31, and back contact and armature 727 to battery. The relay 710 is not energized `by reason of the fact that it is shortcircuited so long as the original energizing circuit of the relay 711 is completed. Another result of the operation of the relay 700 is that a circuit is completed for the slowreleasing relay 702. The relay 702 is energized to open one point in the control circuit.

When the relay 700 is energized, the original circuit of the relay 711 is opened at armature 7 24 and also the circuit of the slowreleasing relay 702 at armature 722. By the opening of the' original circuit for the relay 711, the relay 710is permitted to operate.

Upon operating, the relay 710 places ground upon conductor 468 at armature 739 prepares a circuit for the counting relay 713 at armature 738, and at armature 737 prepares a circuit for'tlie rely 703. y

The grounding of conductor 468 brings about the energization of the relay 501. The

relay 501 is energized to complete a locking circult for itself at armature 522, and to open another point in the driving circuit at armature 523. The locking circuit of the relay 501 extends from battery by Way of relay 501,' front contact and armature 522, conductor 467, and back contact and armature 728 to ground.

U on the next deenergization of the relay 700, a circuit is completed that extends from ground by Way of armature 724 and its back contact, armature 725 and its front contact, armature 738 and its front contact,

armature 742 andlits back contact, relay 713, back contact and armature 7 53, b-ack Contact and armature 7 31, and back contact and armature 727 to battery. The relay 713 is energized over this circuit and operates to complete a circuit extending from ground by way ofback contact and armature 729, armature 743 and its front contact, relay 712 relay 713, back contact and armature 753, and back contact and armature 731 to bat'- tery. This circuit is not effective so long as the original energizingcircuit for the relay 713 is maintained.

When the relay 7 00 is energized, at the termination of this impulse series, the circuit of therelay 713 is opened and the short-circuit is removed from the relay 712, thereby permitting this relay to operate. Upon operating, the relay 712 prepares a circuit for the counting relay 715 at Iarmature 742, and at armature 741 prepares a circuit for placing ground upon conductor 460. The slowreleasing relay 702 is maintained energized during the interruptions produced in the circuit of the relay 700 vby reasonof its sluggish action. However, when the' relay 700 is energized at the termination of the impulse series, the circuit of the relay 702-is perma. nently opened and this relay is decnergized after a short interval of time.

A circuit is now completed that extends from ground by way of armature 722 and its front Contact, armature 726 and its back contact, front contact and armature 741, armature 744 and its back contact, conductor 460., spring 425 and its working contact, front Contact and armature 418, and relay 401 to battery. The relay 401 is operated to complete a circuit for the closing coil 404 of the circuit interrupter C. The closing coil 404 operates to close the circuit breaker.

Whenthe circuit interrupter is closed, the circuit of the closing coil 404 is opened at the auxiliary switch 423,. and at the auxiliary switch 422 the circuit of the `slow-releasing relay 400 is opened, and a circuit is momentarily completed that extends from ground by way of said auxiliary switch, armature 415 and its front contact, conductor 455, armature 531 and its back contact, conductor 465, armature 733 and its back contact, and relay 7 08 to battery. The relay 708 is energized to complete a circuit that extends from ground by way of armature 736 and its back contact, armature 735 and its front contact,

relay 707 and -relay 708fto battery. This circuit' is not effective until the original energizing circuit for the relay 708 is opened.

The slow-releasing relay 400 is deenergized after a short interval of time to place battery upon the conductor 450 at armature 419, to open 'the circuit of the relay 401 at armature 418, to prepare a circuit for the relay 402 at armature 417, and to open the original energizing circuit of the relay 7 08 at armature 415. This latter operation removes the shortcircuit from the relay 707 and'this relay is operated`to open another point in the orig` inal circuit of the relay 708 at armature 733, and at armature 734 to place ground upon conductor 455.

When battery is placed upon conductor 450, a circuit is completed that extends by way of said conductor, frontcontact and armature 521, trunk conductor 371, armature 333 and its front contact, conductor 30, spring 271 and its working contact, armature 232 and its back contact, and relay 205 to ground. The relay 205 is energized to attract the armature 231. whereby the armatures 228, 229 and 230 of the relay 204 are permitted to assume their normal position.

By the operation of the armature 228, the

circuit of the signaling device 227 is opened and a circuit is completed for the signaling device 226. The operation of the armature 229 completes a circuit for the slow-releasing relay 206, while the operation of the armature 230 opens one point in the circuit of the relay 202. I

The relay 206 is operated to open the circuit of the relay 205, to prepare a circuit for the relay 204 at armature 232, and to complete a circuit at armature 233 which extends from ground by way of spring 221 and its Working contact, armature 233 and its front rcont-act and relay 203 to battery. The relay 205 is decnergized'to permit its armature 231 to restore to normal. The relay 203 is enern gized to attract the armature 225, thereby permitting the armatures 223 and 224 0f the relay 202 to assume their normal positions.

By the operation of the armature 224, a circuit is prepared for connecting the cont-rol device 201 to the control circuit and the circ'uit of the relay 700 at the substation is opened. By the operation of the armature 223, ground is placed upon the conductor 27 over a circuit that extends from ground by way of spring 221 and its working contact of key K-3, back contact and armature 223, springs of key K-13, working contact of spring 273 and said spring to conductor The grounding of conductor 27 closes a c1rcuit for the Arelay 309 and the latter operates to complete a circuit for the relay 304 at armature 334, and to open the locking circuit of the relay 307 at armature 397 The relay 304 is operated to open one point in the original energizing circuit of the relay 307 at armature 326 and to establish a locking circuit for itself at armature 327. The relay 307 is deenergized to remove battery from conductor 29, to complete a circuit for the slowreleasing relay 305 at armature 330, and to complete one point in the driving circuit at armature 331.

By .the removal of battery from conductor 29, the circuit'of the selecting relay 216 is opened and this relay is deenergized to o pen the control and signaling circuits at sprlngs 271 and 272, to open the circuit of the signaling device 243 at spring 270, and to open the circuit of the relay 309 at spring 273. The relay 309 is deenergized to open the original energizing circuit of the relay 304 at armature 334, and to prepare a locking circuit for the relay 307 at armature 397.

lVhen the circuit of the relay 700 is opened, as previously described, this relay is deenergized. The retraction of the armature 722 ing. circuit of the relay 501.

slow-releasing relay 701 is opened, the relayv 714 is operated to prepare a circuit for the relay 717. The operation of the relays 714 and 715 is without particular function at the present time.

. By the deenergization of the relay 701, a circuit is completed that extends from ground by way of armature 724 and its back contact, armature 7254 and its back contact, relay 703, and armature 737 and its frontcontact to battery. The relay 703, upon operating, opens the circuit of the counting relays 710 to 715, inclusive, at armature 727, and at arn'iature 728 removes ground from conductor 467. The relays 710 to 715, inclusive, are deenergized to restore certain circuits to normal.

` The deenergization of the relay 710 removes ground from conductor 468, whereby the ori ginal energizing circuit of the relay 501 is opened. The deenergization of the relay 710 also opens the circuit of the relay 703. The

removal of ground from conductor 467 by the energization of therelay 703 opens the lock- Tlie'relay 501 is deenergized to complete the driving circuit.. The relay 703 is deenergized to prepare certain circuits. The line relays 313 and 514 are now energized in series.

As aresultof the third drive operation,

the relay 612 at the substation is energized,-

followed upon the. operation of the next drive impulse by the energization of the relay 1.23. During the second half of this drive impulse relays 613and 122 are operated simultaneously. 'f The energization of the relay 122 completes an energizing circuit for the first selecting relay 216 while the'energization of theu relay 613 completes an energizing circuit for the first selecting relay 405. Upon the operationof the last half of the fourth drive impulses just traced, the relay 315 is energized to open the locking circuit for the relay 317. The relay 310 is energized to open the locking circuit for the relay 307 .i At the substation, the locking circuit for the relay 510 is opened at armature 558 and the relay 510 is deenergized. vThe relay 519 is energized'upon the .operation of the selecting relay 405, to, in turn', complete an energizing circuit for relay 517 and a driving circuit is completed similar to the first drive circuit traced, including the relay 313 atthe office and 514 at the substation.

v The energization of the relay 514 at the substation energizes the relay 505 which, in turn, completes` an energizing circuit for the relay 502 which thereupon opens the drive circuit., yIn the meanwhile the energization of Athe relay 343 the oiice performs no particular function, except to prepare to transfer the drive circuit from the relay 313 to relay 316. During the second half of the dri re circuit yfrom relay 511 to 514. Upon the opening of the drive circuit at this time, relay 108 at the office and relay 603 at the subst-ation are energized, simultaneously. These, in turn, will close circuits for the selecting relays 215 at the oliice and 406 at the substation, respectively.

The driving circuit functions, in the inaniier described, to-control the operation of the relays 109, 108, 121, 120 107, 106, 119, 118, 105, 104, 117, 116, 103, 102, 115, 114, 101, 100, 113 and 112 in the sequence mentioned. By the operation of the counting relays upto and including the relay 100, the selecting relays are operated in the following sequence, 215, 214, 213, 212, 211, 210, 209, 208 and 207.

At the substation, the functioning of the driving circuit brings about tlie operation of the counting relays 602, 603 614, 615, 604, 605, 611-6, 617, 606, 607, 618, 619, 608,- 609, 620, 621,

610, 611, 622 and 623. The operation of the` counting relays up t0 and including the relay 611 causes the operation of the selecting relays in the following sequence,406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413 and 414.

During the operation of the selecting relays, the control and signaling circuits function in a manner similar to that already described. That is, if the dispatcher desires to control another circuit interrupter, the key corresponding to such interrupter at the dispatchers oce, similar to the key K-3, will e operated in the proper direction. By this operation, the driving circuit is prevented from operating until the dispatcher has controlled such interrupter and has received an answer-back signall indicative of its operation. i

In the event that there are no other controlling operations performed by the dispatcher, the selecting operation will take place under the control of the driving circuit without hesitation. This isv apparent from the circuits above traced, from which it is seen that the drive circuit functions upon each operation to operate the relay chains and to transfer its own circuit while the relay chain, in turn,' holds the drive circuit open. The deenergizationof the relay 307, which is necessary in order to permit the drive operation tocontinue, depends upon the ener ization of either relay 309 or 310. Since t ese relays vobtain their ground over the contacts equivacontinue Without hesitation unless one of.

these keys are opened. Should one of these keys be open, one of these relays 309 or-310 Will fail to get energy, thereby preventing the opening of the locking eireuitfor relay 307 which, in turn, prevents the drive circuit from operating. However, the operation of the selecting relays in each case closes signaling circuits for relays similar to relays 204 and 205 at the dispatchers oliice so that thecondition of the signaling devices, similar to devices 226 and 227, is checked inlord'er to insure thatsuch signaling devices indicate the propercondition of their coresponding circuit interrupters. If, forl any reason, the condition of the signaling devices'and the circuit interrupter does not correspond, the signailing circuit will be completed to energize a relay, such as 204 orz205, to bring about the proper change in signals. y

The completion of the signaling circuit and the change in the signaling devices does not take any appreciable time, so it -is not necessary to interrupt the action of the driving circuit until such signals are received. i This is especially true in View of the fact that the corresponding selecting relays at the dis.- patchers oflice and substation are energized substantially simultaneously so that the signaling circuit is closed at both the dispatchers office and substation.

When the relay 113 is energized by the` operation ofthe line relay 316, the circuit of the selecting ralay 207 Iis opened at armature 161, a circuit is completed 'for the relay, 112 at Vthe front Contact of this armature', and at armature 160 a circuit is completed that extends from ground upon grounded conductor 24 by Way of armature 338 and its backxeontact conductor 22, armature 160 and its front con-7 tact, armature 156 and its back contact, conductor 21, back contact and armature 326, and relay, 307 to battery.

The relay 307 is energized to open the circuit of the slow-releasing relay 30'5 at armature 330, toplace battery upon conductor 29 v at the front contact of this armature, and to open the driving circuit at armature331, By the` opening of the driving circuit, the relay 316 is deenergized and the short-circuit is removed from the relay 112.`

The relay 112, upon operating, removesthe short-circuit from the relay 125 at arn'iature 158, opens the circuit of the relay 127 at armature 157,'and at armature 156' opens the originalenergizing circuit of the relay 307. The relay 125 operates to complete a circuit for the slow-releasing relay 124 at armature 186. The slow-acting relay 124 is'energized to open the circuits of all the relays 100 to 123, inclusive, and'relay 125l at armaturei183,`to remove ground from conductor 24 at armature 184, and to place groundupon the conduc-l tor 25 at the front contact of this armature.

Thecounting relays 10Q-to 123, inclusive, are

deenergized to restore their circuits to normal condition. The relay 125 is also deen. ergized to open the circuit of the slow-releasing relay 124. y

The removal of ground lfrom conductor 24 opens the circuits ofthe relays 314 and 315, and alsothe circuit ofthe relays 317.v These relays are dcenergized. to restore certain circuits to normal. By the connection of ground to conductor 25, the relay 300 is energized. The .relay 300 operates to establish a lockin `rcircuit for itself at armature 318, to open t 1e circuits of therelays 302 and 303 at armature 319, and toopen the circuitof the relay 306 7at armature 320. The relay 306 is deenergized to open one point in the driving circuit.

The relay 302 is deenergized to open one point vin the circuit of the relay 303. The relay 303 is deenergized to prepare a circuit for the holding relay 301 vat armature 325. By the removal of ground from conductor 24, the locking circuit of the relay307 is opened and this relay is deenergized to complete a circuit for the slow-releasing relay 305 and to remove battery from conductor 29. The deenergization of the counting relay 110,. previously described, brings about the deenergizationv ofthe relay 308; The relay 308 retracts its armaturesto open certain points in the signaling and control circuits and to prepare a circuit for the holding relay 301.

At;.th.e substation, the relay 623,-.isenergized indirectlyA by the operation of'the line relay.511."` That is, 'theline relay 511 is energized` .to complete 'af circuit for' the relay 513. The relay 513 is operated to prepare a circuitfor the relay 512. When thefdriving circuit isopened by the energization of the relay 307, as previously described, the relay 511 is deeneigized, whereby the short-circuit is removed from the relay 512. The relay 512 is operated to open the locking circuit ofthe relay' 505. The relay 505 is deener jized to remove the short-circuit from the re ay-623.

to remove ground from conductor 469 atV armature 687', andto connect ground to con,- ductor'466`at the front contact of-this armature; vThe counting relays- 600 to :623,i`nclusive, are ldeene'rrlgized to restore certain circuits to normalr The relay 625 is deenergizcd to open the circuit of the slow-releasing relay 626.A

By thev removal of ground' from conduct/Tor The connection of ground to conductor 466 completes a circuit vfor the relay 509. The relay 509 is energized to establish a locking circuit for itself at armature 537, to open the circuit of the relays 507 and 508 at armature 538, and to open the circuit of the relay .503 at armature 539. The relay 508 is deenergizedto open one point in the circuit of the relay 507. The relay 507 is deenergized to prepare a circuit for the holding relay 506. The relay 503 is deenergized to open another point in the driving circuit.

The holding circuit is noW completed over a path that extends from ground by Way of relay 301, back contactfand armature 325, back contact and armature 332, conductor 370, armature 520 and its back contact, relay 506, and armature 534 and its back contact to battery. The relays 301 and 506 are energized' over this circuit. Y Upon operating, the relay 301 opens the locking circuit of the relay 300 at armature 321, and at armature 322 opens another point in the circuit of the relay 306. The relay 300 is deenergized toprepare a circuit for the relay 306 at armature 320, and to prepare a' circuit lfor the'relay 303 at armature 319.

At the substation, the relay. 506 is operated to open the locking circuit of the relay 509 at armature 530, to prepare a starting Vcircuit at armature 531, and to open another point in the circuit of the relay 503 at armature 532. The relay 509 is deenergized to prepare a circuitfor the relay 507 atarmature 538, and to prepare a circuit for the relay 503 at armature 539.

It will be remembered that the conductor 455 has been previously grounded by the operation of the relay 707 immediately after the. operation of the circuit interrupter C. vNon?, when the relay 506 is energized, a circuit is completed for the relay 508. The relay 508 is o erated to complete a circuit 'for the relay 507). The relay 507 is not energized until the original circuit of the relay 508 is opened. By the operation of the relay 508, a circuit` is completed extending from ground by Way of armature 530 and its front contact, front contact and armature 535, conductor 464: and relay 709 to battery.

fact that the dispatcher has not operated any control keys. The reason that the selecting *operation is again initiated is t0 insure that the supervisory indica-tions for the dispatcher indicate the true condition of the corresponding apparatus units at the substation. The release of the apparatus is brought about in substantially the same manner as before described.

When the selecting apparatus is used to 0p- 4erate apparatus units that are also controlled by the usual form of automatic devices that are responsive to circuit conditions, it becomes necessary to initiate the automatic operation of the selecting devices immediately upon the automatic operation of an apparatus unit at the substation. To describe this operation, it will be assumed that the circuit interrupter C is in the position shown and that it is operated automatically by the l-operation of the circuit responsive devices (not shown).

When the circuit breaker is operated, the circuit of the slow-releasing relay 400 is opened at auxiliary switch422. and a circuit is momentarily completed that extends from ground by way of auxiliary switch422, armature 4155 and its front contact, conductor 455, armature 531 and its front contact, armature 533 and its back contact, and relay 508 to battery. The relay 508 isenergized to complete a circuit for the vrelay 507.-

When the slow-releasing relay 400 is finally deenergized, the circuit for the relay 508 is opened. The circuit that includes the relays 507 and 508 then becomes effective. The relay 507 is operated to open the holding circuit that includes the relays 301 and 506. By this operation, the selecting apparat-us is caused to function in the manner described.

Had the circuit interrupter C been closed and the dispatcher desired to open it, the operation 'Wouldy proceed in substantially the same manner as before, with the exception that .the key K-.3 at the dispatchers olice would be in the position shown and the control device 201 would be connected. The dispatcher Would then operate the control device 201, Whereby four interruptions would be produced in the circuit of the relay 700. The. operation of the relayv 700 would bring about the energization of the relays 710 to 717, inclusive, with the result that, after the impulse. series, the deenergization of the relay 702 .would close the circuit for the relay 402 over a circuit'from ground by Way of armature 722 and its front contact, armature 726 and its back c0ntact,front contact and armature 7 54,y armature 755 and its back contact, conductor 461, back contact and armature 417, Winding of relay 402, and'batteiy to ground. The relay 402 would bring about the tripping of the circuit interrupter C. The supervisory signals Would be returned to the dispatchers office in a manner similar to that described. When a circuit breaker moves from its open to its closed position, the relay 400 is deenergized. It will be noted that the armature 419 on its fro'nt contact is grounded, Whereas on its back contact connects battery to the conductor 450.

If the circuit breaker closed, this relay deenergizes and instead of grounding the supervisory line 371 over conductor 450 and armature 521, battery is placed upon this conductor and the equivalent relay at. the ollice is thus energized. Similarly, if the circuit should operate from its closed to its open position, the relay 400 previously deenergized will become energized to'remove battery and place ground on the line.

The foregoing describes all normal operation of the system. Certain circuit arrangements have been provided to take care ofV circumstances that may arise to cause false operation and these will now be described.

It will be seen that, during the control operation, the -driving circuit is opened at both the dispatchers office andsubstationby the operation of the relay 307 and the relay 501. Consequently, no inductive surges in the driving circ-uit Will cause any false opei'ation of the selcctingapparatus. Also, by reason of the fact that it is necessary to interrupt the circuit of the relay 700 a predetermined number of times in order to cause -an action, any induced disturbances which cause a greater or lesser number ofoperations Will bring about no operation of the circuit interrupter C. l

By reason of the fa'ct that it is necessary to produce a predetern'iined number of interruptions in the circuit of the relay 700 in order to cause theoperatioii of an apparatus unit at the substation, no induced currents will he effective to cause such operations. ty least, the possibility of such induced ,currents causing the characteristic number of interruptions in the circuit of the relay 700 is very remote; so remote, in fact, that it may be Considered negligible.

The starting circuit by which the selecting action of the relay apparatus is initiated is so arranged that such action will occur, even though the operation of the apparatus units or circuitinterrupters occurs manually or by reason of some mechanical defect in the .eircuit interrupter, inasmuch as the auxiliary switches. such as 422, on each circuit interiupter are operated :whenever the interruptor is actuated, by reason of manual operation or mechanical failure.

the relay 400 is deenergized. l Now if the cir- Y cuit breaker opens, a circuit is completed from ground over.y the lower contacts of the pallet switch, armature 416 and its hack contact, conductor 455, armature 531, and its front contact, armature 533 and its back contact, Winding of :relay 508 and battery to ground. Simultaneously, with this, an energizing -circuit is completed vfor the relay.

400, which, being lslow to operate, energizes after an interval of time and opens thiscirsuit just traced, at armature 416. As a result, the original energizing circuit for the relay 508 is opened and the series circuit for the relays507 vand 508 over armature 536 becomes effective.A The energizationof the relay 507 opens thenorinal energizing circuit previously traced at armature 534. The driving circuit now functions in a manner already described.

Attention is directed to the fact that each time the relay 307 isenergized to open the driving circuit, the selecting relaymust opcrate in order to bring about the operation of f one of the relays 309 or 310 before the driving circuit is again closed. Consequently, thev selecting action'is interrupted until it is assured that the proper counting relay of the i group 100 to 123, inclusive, and the proper selecting relay of the group 207 to 216, inclusive, are operated. q i

The dispatcher is also provided with means for bringing about thel release of the selecting apparatus at the dispatchers office and substation vvhenever he desires.

ln order to bring about the release of the apparatus at the substation, the dispatcher will operate the release key K-'16 and the release control device 290. By the' operation of the key K-16, ground is removed from 'the conductor 291 that extends to all the apparatus control keys, such as K--3. This brings about the interruption of the driving circuit at any selecting fposition in which' it is at the time that one o the selecting relays at the dis )atchers office" and the corresponding selecting relay at the substation energize.

The operation of'thekey K-l also completes a circuit for 'the relay 700 at thesubstation. By the operation of the release de- 

